Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge

Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge is one of the most remarkable wildlife areas in the eastern United States -- 140,000 acres of marsh, lagoon, scrub, and coastal habitat that shares Merritt Island with the Kennedy Space Center. The refuge provides a wild-Florida counterpoint to the Space Coast's technological attractions, and the juxtaposition of alligators basking within sight of launch pads is unique in the world.

The Black Point Wildlife Drive is the primary family activity -- a 7-mile, one-way loop road through marsh and impoundment habitats. Driving slowly (5-10 mph), families spot alligators, wading birds, raptors, dolphins, and (in winter) enormous flocks of migratory waterfowl from their vehicle. Multiple observation points along the drive provide parking and elevated viewing platforms.

Alligators are the wildlife that captivates kids most. They are common along the drive -- basking on sunny banks, partially submerged in canals, and occasionally crossing the road. Seeing a wild alligator up close (from the car) is a defining Florida experience. The refuge is also home to manatees (in cooler months), bottlenose dolphins, river otters, and bobcats.

The birding is world-class. Over 330 species have been recorded on the refuge, and during winter migration (November through March), the numbers are staggering -- thousands of ducks, herons, egrets, ibises, roseate spoonbills, pelicans, and raptors concentrate in the impoundments. Bald eagles nest on the refuge and are regularly spotted. Even non-birders are impressed by the volume and diversity.

Short hiking trails include the Palm Hammock Trail (2 miles, flat, through a palm hammock), the Oak Hammock Trail (shaded, 0.4 miles), and the Cruickshank Trail (5 miles, through impoundments, excellent birding). The Visitor Center has exhibits on the refuge ecosystem and is a good starting point.

The refuge is free -- no entrance fee, no parking fee. It is one of the best free family experiences on the Space Coast and provides a completely different (but equally valuable) experience from Kennedy Space Center. Combining both in a single day is highly recommended.