Hanauma Bay Nature Preserve

Hanauma Bay is a volcanic crater turned marine preserve on Oahu's southeast coast, about 25 minutes from Waikiki. It is widely considered the best snorkeling spot on Oahu and one of the top family snorkeling destinations in all of Hawaii. The protected bay is home to over 400 species of fish and extensive coral reef, all in calm, clear, shallow water that makes it accessible to snorkelers of all experience levels -- including first-timers as young as 5.

The bay's shape -- a horseshoe carved from a collapsed volcanic cone -- naturally blocks ocean swells, creating pool-like conditions on most days. The inner reef area near shore has sandy channels between coral heads in water that is typically 2-4 feet deep. Kids can wade in, put their face down with a mask, and immediately see dozens of colorful reef fish: yellow tangs, parrotfish, Moorish idols, convict tangs, and butterflyfish.

The fish are habituated to human presence and swim remarkably close. Sea turtles are regular visitors to the bay and often glide past snorkelers within arm's reach (do not touch them -- it is illegal and carries heavy fines).

Access is controlled to protect the reef. Online reservations are required and must be booked at hanaumabaystatepark. com exactly 2 days in advance.

Morning slots (6:45am-8am) are the most desirable and sell out quickly. Upon arrival, all visitors watch a mandatory 9-minute educational video about reef conservation before entering the bay. This is not optional and applies to everyone including children.

The video covers why visitors must not touch coral, stand on reef, or feed fish -- and it works. The bay's reef health has improved significantly since the reservation system was implemented.

From the parking lot, the beach is accessed via a steep road. A tram runs both directions for $1. 25 per person.

Walking down takes about 10 minutes; walking up takes 15 and can be tiring with gear and kids. The beach has restrooms, outdoor showers, and a small rental stand offering snorkel sets ($20) and life jackets. Bringing your own gear saves significant money -- Snorkel Bob's in Waikiki rents full snorkel sets for $9 per week.

The preserve is closed on Mondays and Tuesdays to allow the reef to recover from visitor activity. This is not just symbolic -- marine biologists have documented measurable reef improvement from the rest days. The entrance fee is $25 per person for non-residents age 13 and older. Kids 12 and under are free, making this one of the better deals for families with younger children.

Important safety notes: the inner reef is safe and calm for kids. The outer reef and the channel at the center of the bay (called the Keyhole) have stronger currents and should be avoided by children and inexperienced swimmers. Lifeguards are stationed at the beach. Reef-safe sunscreen is required by law. Apply it 15 minutes before entering the water for it to bond to skin and work effectively.